Polonnaruwa, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is one of Sri Lanka’s most fascinating ancient cities, offering a glimpse into the island’s rich history and architectural brilliance. Once the thriving capital of the Polonnaruwa Kingdom during the 11th and 12th centuries, this city showcases the grandeur of Sri Lanka’s medieval civilization. The well-preserved ruins of royal palaces, massive stupas, intricately carved temples, and colossal Buddha statues highlight the advanced urban planning and artistic mastery of the time. Among its many attractions, the Gal Vihara stands out with its four magnificent Buddha statues carved into solid granite, reflecting the exceptional craftsmanship of the ancient Sinhalese.
The Royal Palace of King Parakramabahu, once a towering structure with over 50 rooms, gives visitors a sense of the kingdom’s former glory. Nearby, the Parakrama Samudraya, a vast man-made reservoir, demonstrates the advanced irrigation systems that supported the city’s prosperity. Today, Polonnaruwa remains a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and travelers seeking to explore Sri Lanka’s glorious past. Whether by foot or bicycle, wandering through this ancient city is like stepping back in time to a golden age of culture, art, and engineering.